Install Active Directory Domain Services.pdf - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site. Search Search. Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS). AD LDS is the lightweight, developerfriendly, directory that can be deployed on a client computer and client operating system as well as on a server. Active Directory Domain Services: An X.500-based directory service that provides integrated authentication and authorization services for a Windows computing environment. Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services: A stripped down version of Active Directory Domain Services that focuses on providing just the directory services functionality. Active Directory Domain Services Installation of the Active Directory Domain Services 10 Active Directory Domain Services Software Installation Guide Version 1.0 Rohde & Schwarz DVS GmbH 16. Press the button FINISH to continue. It is necessary to restart the server. In the following window the system will prompt you to do so. Active Directory Domain Services Installation of the Active Directory Domain Services 10 Active Directory Domain Services Software Installation Guide Version 1.0 Rohde & Schwarz DVS GmbH 16. Press the button FINISH to continue. It is necessary to restart the server. In the following window the system will prompt you to do so.
- What is Directory Service?
- Active Directory
- History of Directory Service
- Advantage of LDAP
- Back to Active Directory
- Naming conventions
- Requirement of DNS
- AD objects
- AD Database
- Schema
- Domain, Tree and Forest
- A directory service is a container that provides a hierarchical structure and allows to store objects for quick and easy access and manipulation. A directory service is like an electronic phone directory that lets you search for Name and retrieve the phone number, address, or other information without knowing where that person lives.
- Before directory services, If you needed a file, you needed to know the name of the file, the name of the server on which it is stored and its folder path. Now this works well on small network, but as the network grows it becomes challenging.
- Directory service is the means by which users and administrators can locate resources regardless of where those resources are located.
- Also earlier typical user could have more than one user account or password, and as the network grows and the number of username and password also increases, like one for File Server, one for email server, etc.
- Active Directory is Microsoft’s answer to directory services and it does a lot more than just locating resources.
- Active Directory take care of this by using Kerberos Authentication and Single Sign-On (SSO). SSO means ability of Kerberos to provide a user with one set of credentials and grant them access across a range of resources and services with that same set of credentials. Kerberos authenticates the credentials and issues the user a ticket with which the user gains access to the resources and services that support Kerberos.
- Active Directory also makes user management more easier as it acts as a single repository for all of this user and computer related information.
- Earlier to today’s directory services is X.500 specification that emerged from the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), formerly the CCITT (Comité Consultatif International Téléphonique et Télégraphique).
- X.500 sits at the Application layer in the OSI model. X.500 contain several component databases that work together as a single entity.
- The primary database is the Directory Information Base (DIB), which stores information about the objects. Major limitation was its lack of integration with Internet Protocol (IP).
- Protocol it used was Directory Access Protocol, or DAP. DAP offered more functionality than that is required for implementing directory services, so a scaled down version called Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) was made. Later it was considered as a standard by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
- LDAP relies on the TCP/IP stack rather than the OSI stack
- Integrate with IP and enable IP clients to use LDAP to query directory services.
- LDAP can perform hyper-searches. Giving one directory the ability to defer to another to provide requested data.
- LDAP’s API is C-based
- Like X.500, LDAP uses an inverted-tree hierarchical structure
- LDAP supports Kerberos authentication, Simple Authentication Security Layer (SASL), and Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
- Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL) is a framework for authentication and data security in Internet protocols.
- AD is Microsoft’s answer to directory services and it does a lot more than just locating resources.
- AD uses LDAP as its access protocol.
- AD relies on DNS as its locator service, enabling clients to locate domain controllers through DNS queries.
- Lets Understand Active Directory in more detail.
- AD contains information about objects in your enterprise.
- These objects can be computers, users, printers etc.
- AD is a container with nested containers holding other containers or objects.
- And we name these container and objects so that its easy to query or search.
- User Principal Names, or UPN
- LDAP names also known as Distinguished Name
- This one you’ll probably find most familiar, is as per RFC 822 specification.
- This has the same format as your email address: Like [email protected]
- They take the form user@domain
- If you have a user named User01 under Active Directory domain Domain01.local, the UPN will be [email protected]
- We will discuss more about AD domain later.
- In AD you can create custom UPNs too, which means you can also add [email protected] or [email protected] as UPN for above mentioned object.
- More on these later.
- Typically it has this format
cn=common name
ou=organizational unit
dc=domain
for eg. cn=Ashwin,ou=Trainer,dc=Road2Master,dc=ms
- And query should look like this for the
LDAP://R2MAD01.road2master.ms/cn=Ashwin,ou=Trainer,dc=Road2Master,dc=ms
R2MAD01.road2master.ms is the FQDN of the Domain Controller.
- DNS Server must support
- Service resource (SRV) records
- Dynamic update protocol specified by RFC 2136
- AD relies on DNS as its primary locator service, although its not the only mechanism for locating domain controllers (DCs).
- Domain Controller is the server which has Active Directory Installed.
- When a Domain Controller starts,
- It registers both its DNS name and NetBIOS name. More on NetBIOS name later.
- It add LDAP-specific SRV records in DNS to enable LDAP clients to locate DCs through LDAP queries.
- It also add Kerberos authentication protocol-specific SRV records to enable clients to locate servers running the Kerberos Key Distribution Center (KDC) service.
- Also each DC also adds an A record that enables clients that don’t support SRV records to locate the DC through a simple host record lookup. You can disable this if required.
- Objects in AD can be either containers for other objects or they can be leaf objects, which do not serve as containers.
- Objects in AD have attributes, and these attributes not only define the object but also store data. This defines the character of that Object.
- Some attributes and optional and some are mandatory.
- Optional : Phone Number
- Mandatory: Username
- When an Object is created AD assigns a GUID, which is a 128-bit number and no two objects in AD have the same GUID.
- And If an object is moved from AD, it doesn't delete its GUID.
- Objects in AD are protected by Access Control Lists (ACLs).
- More on Security later.
- The ESE comprises of tables that define the structure of the directory.
- The Database Layer has three partition that define the contents of AD with an optional 4th table or partition.
- This stores Active Directory Schema.
- Active Directory Schema defines what are the types of objects that can be created in the directory
- How are those objects relate to one another, and what are the mandatory and optional attributes of each object.
- And how can one create such objects.
- This contains configuration of AD.
- This partition stores the objects.
- This is an optional 4th partition that an administrator can create.
- More about Active Database in the upcomming parts.
- Active Directory Schema defines what are the types of objects that can be created in the directory
- How are those objects relate to one another, and what are the mandatory and optional attributes of each object.
- And how can one create such objects.
- Schema requires to updates whenever you need to create a new type of object or add anything that requires new attribute.
- Objects that are made on AD are grouped into domains.
- The objects for a single domain are stored in a single database (which can be replicated).
- A tree is a collection of one or more domains
- A forest is a collection of trees that share a common global catalog, directory schema, logical structure, and directory configuration.
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Applies To: Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2012
A directory is a hierarchical structure that stores information about objects on the network. A directory service, such as Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS), provides the methods for storing directory data and making this data available to network users and administrators. For example, AD DS stores information about user accounts, such as names, passwords, phone numbers, and so on, and enables other authorized users on the same network to access this information.
Active Directory stores information about objects on the network and makes this information easy for administrators and users to find and use. Active Directory uses a structured data store as the basis for a logical, hierarchical organization of directory information.
This data store, also known as the directory, contains information about Active Directory objects. These objects typically include shared resources such as servers, volumes, printers, and the network user and computer accounts. For more information about the Active Directory data store, see Directory data store.
Security is integrated with Active Directory through logon authentication and access control to objects in the directory. With a single network logon, administrators can manage directory data and organization throughout their network, and authorized network users can access resources anywhere on the network. Policy-based administration eases the management of even the most complex network. For more information about Active Directory security, see Security overview.
Active Directory also includes:
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A set of rules, the schema, that defines the classes of objects and attributes contained in the directory, the constraints and limits on instances of these objects, and the format of their names. For more information about the schema, see Schema.
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A global catalog that contains information about every object in the directory. This allows users and administrators to find directory information regardless of which domain in the directory actually contains the data. For more information about the global catalog, see The role of the global catalog.
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A query and index mechanism, so that objects and their properties can be published and found by network users or applications. For more information about querying the directory, see Finding directory information.
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A replication service that distributes directory data across a network. Hp laser pro 200 driver. All domain controllers in a domain participate in replication and contain a complete copy of all directory information for their domain. Any change to directory data is replicated to all domain controllers in the domain. For more information about Active Directory replication, see Replication overview.
Understanding Active Directory
This section provides links to core Active Directory concepts:
Active Directory Domain Services 2008 R2 Pdf
For a detailed list of Active Directory concepts, see Understanding Active Directory.